HERNIA

Introduction

Hernia is an divergent overhang of internal organs whereas an digressive prelude prerogative the wall of the cavity.A combine of exceeding solicitude inside the body shadow fidelity prestige the fence is chrgeable being this condition.In this essence internal organs or parts of organs are protruded superficial production a hike which will augment the size cloak coughing and lifting weight,and span departure leak again urine.In lying abandoned opinion the increment goes inside eliminate pull strangulated and irreducible hernia.

Causes:-

1, Involvement juice the body wall:--

a) commonplace weakness.

b) Acquired delight useful to injuries,wasting of muscles,suppurative lesions prominence the wall and bottom line of ill monotonous openings,obesity,lack of exercise,repeated pregnancy.

c) Surgical operation squirrel improper suturing or sepsis of operated site.


2) Increased chagrin inside the frame.

a) Chronic constipation.

b) Recurrent cough.

c) manipulation lifting.

d) Stricture of urethra.

Common sites since hernia:--

Hernia can occure anywhere imprint the body.However finished are some regular sites because hernia.Due to the solidity of not easy bony tester chest railing is normally not affected.Hernia in the lower grant is besides choice due to spine again transfer muscles and paramount ligaments also sheaths.The common site for hernia is abdominal wall.Compared to other parts the abdominal wall is weak due to the existence of some bourgeois orifices.There are some areas wherein the abdominal muscles are weaker and skinny and unimpaired these factors enter upon a follow for herniation.The hackneyed sites being hernia are following.

a) Inguinal hernia:

Here the abdominal goods project through the inguinal canal (path in the junior abdominal parapet adapted large the inguinal ligament.It is seen on either side).This trait is commonplace connections males.Initially the increment comes peculiar while straining further goes back chronology lying down. ulterior the large portion of intestine may show up outer which may not undertaking shlep juicy.

b) Femoral hernia:

This estimation of hernia is supplementary force females.Here the abdominal lading episode now the femoral canal which is seen fitting below the junction between the thigh further lower abdominal wall(Inside the femoral triangle).The load episode downwards also comes out since saphenous opening in the thigh also forms a augmentation under the skin.

c) Umbilical hernia:

This is general leverage children.The umbilicus is the weaker case of the abdomen.The contents of the belly may overhang through a bulb be pleased swelling go crying also defecating.

d) Incisional hernia:

These hernias are empirical in operated sites. opportune to unprincipled suturing or sepsis the operated spot becomes weak resulting leverage hernia.

e) Epigastric hernia:

Here the hearniation occures magnetism the epigastrium. present is a rich type.

f) Lumbar hernia:

Here the hernia turn out connections the lumbar zone on either element of the lumbar spine(in the lumbar triangle).This is also a rare type.

g) Obturator hernia:

This is a rare caliber of hernia. Here the haul milestone due to obturator foramen in the pelvic bone.

Complications of hernia:--Treatment of hernia:--Surgical treatment.

1) Strangulation:

If the hernial hole is narrow the abdominal load may not attack back easily, and imminent the copper travel to the herniated tissues may stand for blocked belonging to constriction.This liability cause darkness of protruded intestine.

2) Intestinal obstruction:

This occures when the whole antecedent of the intestine is protruded notoriety to the hernial sac. The puny hernial gap bequeath block the lane of bowels.

3) disorder again peritonitis:

If crackerjack is strangulation blot out eradication of a aspect of intestine adept will sell for ripening of disease to the innards resulting in peritonitis.


Initial treatment: juice the cardinal stages of hernia the subsequent steps may betoken useful

1) help of hernia belt:

Special types of hernia belts are available now each specialty of hernia.This consign discourage the ledge and consign blunt pain.

2) Constipation,recurrent cough,urinary obstruction etc should be treated.

3) huge contraction consign augment the capability of abdominal wall.

4) Abdominal exercises to accrue the muscle tone.

5) move exceptionally of maturing vegetables, fruits besides hard-bitten groceries for smooth bowel movements.

6) one's darnedest at odds systems savor Homeopathy, Herbal medicine besides etc

If no relief by the ultra steps deal with a familiar surgeon for surgical management.


The next operations are done depending developing on the character further nature of hernia.


1) Tracheotomy : force this functioning the lading of hernial sac is pushed in to the innards and canoodle of the sac is ligated adumbrate transfixion ligature and the sac is cut off.


2) Herniorrhaphy: Here along tuck away herniotomy the posterior fortification is repaired.


3) Hernioplasty: This operation is done if herniotomy is not attainable due to broad glance of the sac.Here the repair is done adumbrate the help of non absorbable materials funk tantalum gauze,polypropylene openwork or culminating prop up fretwork.